What is Preventive Maintenance? Types, Examples, and Benefits

Article Written by:

Muthu Karuppaiah

Created On:

May 31, 2023

What is Preventive Maintenance? Types, Examples, and Benefits

Table of Contents:

Consider the scenario whereby your critical equipment gets out of order in the middle of peak production and immediately goes offline and uses up your budget on emergency repairs. This reactive run-to-failing strategy causes your team to work hard to put out fires as the revenue runs out every minute of the outage.

Preventive Maintenance (PM) is an alternative strategy, whose aim is to prevent mechanical breakdowns before they can ever interfere with your workflow. A switch to the proactive mentality will result in the facility managers being able to maintain asset reliability and prevent the ordeal of the unexpected outages.

This guide will discuss the key nature of preventive maintenance and why the adoption of a sound strategy is beneficial. You will find out how to create a data-driven strategy that will cut costs in an unprecedented way and protect your assets from a long-term perspective.

What is Preventive Maintenance?

Basically, Preventive Maintenance (PM) comprises routine maintenance activities carried out on equipment and assets to avoid some unexpected breakdowns and to increase their service life.

Preventive maintenance is proactive unlike reactive maintenance which only resolves problems after the machines are found to have broken down. It entails scheduled checkups and maintenance of equipment to maintain them in the best working conditions, effectively preventing small problems before they escalate to bigger and expensive problems.

The main aim of PM is to keep things as easy as possible: reduce the downtime, enhance safety, and eliminate the costliness of emergency repairs. Common PM activities are although certain ones are industry-specific, the following activities are likely to be performed:

  • Routine Cleaning: This is cleaning and the removal of dust, dirt and other contaminants which can lead to friction or abrasion of smooth parts of the machine.
  • Lubrication: To prevent early wear it is necessary to grease or oil rotating parts like bearings, motors, etc.
  • Inspections: Visual and functional examination of systems (e.g., electrical boxes, HVAC units, gaskets) in order to examine early warning indicators.
  • Parts Replacement: Replacing parts in advance before they snap or break, e.g. filters, brakes, pads, belts, etc.
  • Calibration: Adjustment of sensors and other instruments to make them work within the stipulated parameters.

The Main Types of Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance is not necessarily logical. The common classification of the strategies is based on the mechanism of their triggering, i.e. calendar, usage, or real-time.

1. Primary Scheduling Strategies

The most common approaches initiated by most organizations include:

  • Time-Based Maintenance: This is based on a pre-set calendar. Activities are conducted at a given time (e.g. weekly, monthly, or annually) despite the prevailing situation of the equipment. It is best applied to assets that have steadfast life cycles or where there are compliance needs.
  • Usage-Based Maintenance (UBM): It is a strategy that initiates maintenance depending on the statistics of the operation of assets instead of time. The most common triggers are the mileage (i.e., change of oil after every 5,000 miles), run hours, or cycles. This is to make sure that the equipment is maintained in relation to the actual workload of the equipment and minimize unwarranted maintenance at the times when production is low.

2. Advanced and Data-Driven Strategies

To organizations that seek to take it a step further, data becomes the force:

  • Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM): Maintenance is accomplished through the use of monitoring tools to gather real-time data, which indicates that an issue is brewing. It is dependent on the observation of patterns or anomalies as opposed to a fixed schedule.
  • Predictive Maintenance (PdM): This is a sophisticated form of CBM, where condition-monitoring devices (such as vibration or temperature sensors) and past analytics are utilized to make a forecast about the future state of the equipment. It aims to perform maintenance at the very point when the failure will take place.
  • Prescriptive Maintenance: This approach takes a step further than prediction and involves defining possible failures and giving specific corrective measures to avoid them, which relies on AI and machine learning.

3. Task-Based Classifications

PM is also defined by the specific work performed:

  • Routine Inspection: Visual inspection of leaks, cracks or loose connections.
  • Cleaning & Lubrication: This is necessary to minimize the friction and contamination particularly in food and beverage or manufacturing industries.
  • Parts Replacement & Calibration: Exchange of consumables and the adjustment of tools to ensure accuracy.

Top Benefits of a Preventive Maintenance Strategy

A shift in the operational approach to the reactive mode of firefighting to proactive PM strategy presents significant gains in both monetary, operational, and safety indicators.

Significant Cost Savings

Studies have shown that preventive maintenance may be 20 percent cheaper than corrective maintenance per year. Emergency labor, hasty shipment of part, and loss of production usually triple or quadruple the cost of reactive repair. Moreover, some other companies investing in PM have up to 150 percent ROI because of prolonged equipment and minimized energy expenses.

Reduced Downtime and Increased Productivity

Failure Unplanned failure stops production and idle employees. The PM strategy can decrease the downtimes average by half. You enable the technicians to work efficiently by arranging maintenance during off-hours and reducing the number of interruptions since technicians do not have to compete to find a solution during an emergency.

Extended Asset Lifespan

Unattended machinery goes out quickly. Proactively maintained assets may last 20 to 30 years longer than reactively maintain assets. Systemic failures are avoided by routine service, which includes changing filters and belts and postponing costly capital replacement expenses.

Improved Safety and Compliance

Some of the hazards that are checked on periodically without causing accidents include frayed wiring or guarding issues. In the example of industries that are highly controlled and regulated (e.g. pharmaceuticals or food processing) a PM program offers a verifiable audit trail proving that safety and hygiene practices are followed.

Real-World Examples of Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance in different sectors appears to be different. The following is the application of these principles by different industries:

Facility Management

  • Task: Checking of HVAC units prior to the summer season.
  • Task: conducting a monthly functional check of emergency lighting and fire exit signs to allow the compliance with safety standards.

Manufacturing

  • Task: Bearing Grease conveyor belt bearings after every 500 hours on the job to avoid seizure.
  • Task: Setting up temperature and pressure gauges on production lines to guarantee the consistency of the quality of products.

Fleet Management

  • Task: Replacement of engine oil and filters after every 5,000 miles.
  • Task: Turning tires and assessing the level of the brake pads at the time of the scheduled service to avoid on-road accidents.

Hospitality & Healthcare

  • Task: To sterilize medical equipment and autoclaves every day in order to avoid cross-contamination.
  • Task: Checking the safety of the elevator and elevator cables after every 3 months to guarantee the safety of guests and patients.

How to Create a Preventive Maintenance Plan

The creation of an efficient PM program does not occur in one day. These steps will help transition to a lean approach instead of a fix-it-breaks strategy.

  1. Assess and Prioritize: Evaluate existing breakdown costs and develop an in-depth list of assets of high priority that should be prioritized.
  1. Define Tasks and Schedules: Determine definite maintenance triggers (time or usage-based) and create standardized checklists according to the recommendations of the manufacturers.
  1. Implement a CMMS: The adoption of a digital system rather than spreadsheets to automate the scheduling process, work orders, and the management of spare parts.
  1. Pilot and Train: Start a small-scale pilot program to train your team and workflow optimization before going to the whole facility.
  1. Monitor and Optimize: Keep track of KPIs such as downtime and completion rates constantly to increase or decrease the frequency of maintenance and the program.

How Cryotos CMMS Automates Your Preventive Maintenance

Implementing a preventive maintenance strategy is powerful but pairing it with Cryotos CMMS makes it effortless. Cryotos takes the complexity out of planning and executes your strategy with precision.

Smart Workflow Automation

Cryotos will easily enable you to create intricate recurring schedules. Either you want a daily check, or you would like to have a service based on the amount of usage and meter reading, Cryotos will automatically generate the work order and allocate the correct technician to the correct job and time.

Mobile-First Flexibility

Your technicians are not confined to a desk, and so should not be their software. With Cryotos mobile application, they have checklists, manuals and asset history in their pockets that enable them to update status, take pictures of problem and close work orders right at the shop floor.

Customizable Checklists

Make sure that there is consistency with required step-by-step checklists. Cryotos also makes sure that all technicians are of the same quality when it comes to completing the PM task, and this lowers the incidence of human error.

Seamless Inventory Integration

As technicians use parts for PM tasks, Cryotos automatically deducts them from your inventory records and can even trigger low-stock alerts, ensuring you are never caught empty-handed.

Conclusion

Preventive maintenance is a strategic investment that shifts operations from reactive chaos to proactive reliability. By leveraging data and automation, you protect your assets and secure long-term profitability while ensuring safety and compliance.

Ready to stop paying for downtime? Explore how Cryotos CMMS automates your preventive maintenance schedules to extend asset life and boost efficiency.

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